Threaded CD Weld Studs Aluminum. Pressure is not used, and filler metal is obtained from the electrode and sometimes from a supplemental source such as a welding rod, flux, or metal granules. 70 USD 3/8-16 Arc Stud Full Thread 316L Stainless Steel with Ferrules from $50. Minimum weld base diameter facilitates welding to lighter gauge parent metal. Contact us for more information regarding our high quality ring weld projection stud fasteners or call us at 800-783-0910, we would be happy to assist you with any questions that you may have. HANLON EQUIPMENT COMPANY 800 TOUHY AVENUE ELK GROVE VILLAGE, ILLINOIS 60007 PHONE: 847. . This edition has been reorganized extensively from the 1997 edition . 1/4-20 CD Weld Stud, Flanged, Aluminum from $7. 11 : Root pass welding for pipe. 5/16-18 CD Weld Stud, Flanged, Stainless Steel from $12. No part of this publication (whether in hard copy or electronic form)Cutlass keeps over 8,000,000 weld studs in over 2,000 sizes in stock for immediate delivery. The aluminum work piece must be properly prepared for welding and is the same for both stud welding processes. 00. 048″ (1. The Arc Weld Collar Stud features partial external threading that starts at a point above the stud’s collar. 20% (in 2 inches) Headed Concrete Anchors are available for welding to flat surfaces, inside angles, and outside angles. Arc Stud Welding permits strong, one-sided welds on base metals with thicknesses starting at 0. 00 USD. An arc weld process is generally used in those applications. Assemblers of fabricated metal products use arc stud welding in barbecue equipment, enclosures, plumbing apparatus, insulation enclosures, heating, ventilation and air-conditioning units, and water storage systems. The gun then forces the stud down into the molten. Arc stud welding utilizes a DC power supply to create the arc, a stud welding tool, metal fasteners, and in some cases, ferrules. Elk Grove Village, IL 60007. A. S. Typical Use: As standoff and pivot between parent metal and rotating arm or wheel. All the arc studs we supply come with ceramic ferrules as they are crucial to the Drawn Arc process. Will be approximately 1/8" shorter after welding. General Information for Stud Welding Studs Aluminum Nelson manufactured aluminum studs are made from Aluminum Association (AA) alloys 5356,. 21 USD. CD (capacitor discharge) weld studs require lower levels of heat and less time to weld than drawn arc weld studs. 3 Automatic Feed Systems 17 6. Midwest Fasteners Heavy Duty CD Stud Welding Gun $908. M8 x 48 Arc Stud Full Thread, Mild Steel with F Ferrules $40. Weld studs for Fastening. When theModes of Metal Transfer Preferable to Aluminum Welding - Globular-to-spray transition currents. 75 X 25 Arc Stud Full Thread Stainless Steel with F Ferrules $105. The right arm of your SWS system. Links: Spec Sheet Manual. The other processes use conventionally designed. TYPICAL ARC STUD WELDING SYSTEM . The focus of the current study is to develop welding procedures using the drawn arc process. 9mm flux and hammer it into the stud. Slavianoff would later modify with his method of casting metal in across an arc in a mold. typically would be about 0. Arc stud welding utilizes a DC power supply to create the arc, a stud welding tool, metal fasteners, and in some cases, ferrules. Flanged Capacitor Discharge (CD) Studs Available in the following Materials. 9 Removable Backing Materials for Welding 30 3. An electric arc is created between the end of the stud and the surface of the workpiece, melting both parts. The gas manufacturer/supplier may be able to provide you with the generic composition. This generates a clean, aesthetically appealing look. A. In late 1958 and early 1959,. To learn more about fastening systems and our stud welding supplies and services, contact Northland Fastening Systems at (651) 730-7770. Many favour this technique due to its speed, reliability, and the powerful results it provides. Both joining partners are melted and then joined under low contact pressure. TF studs permit close run down of a nut to the base metal. Capacitor Discharge (CD) Stud Welding is a semi-automatic arc welding process. Providing superior stud welding and stud welder parts and equipment isn't enough. Stud welding, also known as drawn arc stud welding and arc welding, is the action of welding a shear stud to a metal object, for example, a metal deck. The process requires a DC. A friend told me to make a hole of 2mm and add a small 1. Sunbelt aluminum FB (Full Base) welding pins are unthreaded fasteners. Equipment for Stud Welding 12 5. The fully mechanized drawn arc stud welding is a welding procedure for joining pin-shaped elements. 90 USD. 10 ELECTROSLAG WELDING:. 1157 Pagni Drive. to 1 in. 092 0014 10. These unique fasteners feature durable threads with proven reliability, saving significant time and money over hand welding processes. 137 products. Home > Weld Fasteners > Arc Weld Fasteners > Full Thread Arc Weld Studs – Inch / Metric > 1/2-13 Full Thread Arc Weld Studs - Inch / Metric. 3/8" CD Stud Welding System -TRUWELD TW-i-375 $4,800. D. Thread Size. manual metal arc, has been left to the discretion ofthe deslgner-c) The allowable stresles in welda have been increased to bring them in line with thOle for parent meta) given in IS: 800-1962-. Arc stud welding creates strong, one-sided welds on base metals as thin as 0. 1/4-20 Arc Stud, Full Thread, Mild Steel with Ferrules. #6 in a series, this video shows setting up the Capacitor Discharge Stud Welder for C. Nelson NS20 Heavy Duty Stud Gun 751-693-000 $4,500. Federal regulations have been enacted to significantly reduce atmospheric pollution caused by motor vehicles. Arc Gun Connector Stud 10mm $25. The materials we use are suitable for important relevant EN and ISO industry standards; for example, our aluminium studs are EN 573-3 compliant and our stainless steel CD studs comply to. The process has been used as an alternative metal-fastening method since the 1940s. Stud sizes. Conforming to industry standards, practices and procedures, the competency-based Welder Foundation program provides you with the skills you'll need to prosper in today's job. Ferrules - All orders include ferrules when required. Stud welding is a fast, reliable and accurate method of attaching a metal fastener to a metal part using an electric arc. 80 USD. Open Root Joint Welding of Aluminum Pipes. The heat generated by this electric arc melts. Arc studs come in many shapes, and there are literally hundreds of kinds—as long as one end of the stud is designed to be compatible with an arc welder and is made of weldable materials (mild steel, stainless steel, or aluminum), it can used for arc stud. Elk Grove Village, IL 60007. 5/16-18 CD Weld Stud, Non Flanged, Stainless Steel from $67. Using a “ferrule” to capture and retain the weld’s heat, the molten metal created by the process cools the weld site and produces a weld that is stronger than the stud itself. Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process. Close. With optimum weld penetration and durability, the method can quickly join practically any size or configuration of a metal stud to a workpiece. Aluminum quickly forms a surface oxide. Understand the differences. 18 :. The stud welding process is applied to increase the quality of the welding joint for the parts. Using a “ferrule” to capture and retain the weld’s heat, the molten metal created by the process cools the weld site and produces a weld that is stronger than the stud itself. Whether it’s a vetted drawing or a not-yet-realized idea, our experienced engineering team can. 1-3/8. to a workpiece instantaneously. 00 USD. About half the strength of medium-strength steel threaded rods, use them for light duty hanging, mounting, and fastening. Steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and other materials can be used for both the fastener and the substrate. 2 mm) and produces welds in as little as 0. At Delta Stud Weld Inc. Available for steel and gas-supported welding like Aluminum. The other processes use conventionally designed. 38 seconds. Length Specifications: Lengths available from minimums shown in specifications. No filler material is needed, only a little bit of pressure. Deciding which to use depends on weld requirements, materials, and applications. Insulation Pins Starter Kit: • 1 "B" Collet and Collet Protector 12 gauge. 4008 COMPLEtE STUD WELDING Products • Service • Knowledge • Integrity SHIELDING THE WELD Stud Weld BaseDrawn Arc stud welding assures strong, one-sided welds on base materials with a thickness of at least 0. M12-1. Ferrules are supplied with the studs. 00 USDThe SureShotII is a lighweight rugged CD welder capable of welding cup head pins, weld pins, and CD studs up to 5/16" in diameter. Stud Welding Practices & Procedure - PFSNO. Proper arc length is paramount, and CV power sources help maintain that constant arc length. 00 USD. 4 Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) 23 2. Drawn Arc and Short-Cycle Welding Studs Drawn Arc. A CD stud can be shot to the attachment side without reverse-side marking, unlike traditional fabrication methods that require drilling a hole to insert a bolt for an attachment point. Arc stud welding is a process by which a metal fastener is welded to a parent metal through a fusion weld. The first application was to secure wood decking on submarines, but was quickly adopted and used on battleships. Length – Lengths are listed before welding. (4. Drawn arc (DA) stud welding #1 Shielded Metal Arc Welding. Drawn-arc stud welding is an extremely efficient method of attaching fasteners primarily to mild steel and stainless steel by utilizing a constant-current DC power supply, typically a 3-phase transformer-rectifier, equipped with integral controls to operate a special drawn-arc stud welding gun. Mild steel, stainless steel, and aluminum are applicable materials for arc stud welding. Stud Design: Another key difference in aluminum welding is the stud design for drawn arc stud welding processes. 7/8. 1/4-20 CD Weld Stud, Flanged, Stainless Steel from $14. ; Outside angle ferrule – Used for the opposite side of the inside angle ferrule. ) Elongation. The conventional stud welding equipment can be used using drawn arc capacitor discharge technique. Cr 17. As the drawn arc current heats the tip of the stud and the metal becomes molten, the ring-shaped ferrule keeps the metal from spreading into a messy weld. 2 Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW). assumes no financial or physical responsibility for damage or harm resulting from this information’s use with non-Nelson studs and related accessories. Ferrules - All orders include ferrules when required. If we don’t have your item in stock or if your project. 125 in: 0. 5% of the 7A52 aluminum alloy base material in tensile and shear tests, respectively, which solves the problem of. 8. For gas metal arc welding, the wire is classified using 100% CO 2; however, argon-oxygen-carbon dioxide combinations may be used based on the oxygen equivalent. We quickly manufacture these fastening devices in a variety of sizes and configurations from various material grades, including mild and stainless steels, supplied by dependable domestic mills. 1. Weld Studs. Length: Length is before weld. Stud welding is a process that uses a specialized type of fastener to join two pieces of metal together. THE STUD WELDING PROCESS Electric arc stud welding involves the same electrical, mechanical, and metallurgical principles found in any other arc welding process. These recommended practices for stud welding, prepared by the Subcommittee on Stud Welding of the AWS Committee on Arc Welding and Cutting, are intended to serve as a. Drawn arc stud welding forms strong, vibration-resistant welds that provide a tight seal against water, oil, air, or gas leaks at the weld point. However, with CD welding small diameter fasteners (1/4″ and under) are end welded to extremely thin gauge parent metal. comThe results showed that indeed, in drawn arc stud welding, there is an optimum range for aluminum tip weight. Metal fasteners for Construction, Oil Field, Insulation Installation, Aerospace, Signs, Transportation and. 4M:2006 Prepared by the American Welding Society (AWS) A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials. 3/8" CD Weld Stud, Flanged, Stainless Steel from $20. Fasteners Studs Studs Widely used for a variety of attachment needs, our selection of studs offers fastening options to meet the most demanding application requirements. Tucker® weld studs offer a secure hold for everything that needs to be fastened. 2. Stud welding is a technique that involves welding a metal fastener to another metal part using an arc of electricity to heat both parts. The arc stud welding process is well-known and widely applied in various industries andFor more than 40 years, Sunbelt has been a provider of stud welding equipment, parts and supplies for a wide array of industries. A closer look at DA The drawn arc process is used when larger diameter studs or bolts are welded to thicker, uneven, or dirty base materials. 8. Stud Welding of Aluminum - Drawn Arc Stud Welding and Capacitor Discharge Stud Welding. What is stud welding? Stud Welding Process; Products. Metal arc welding is suitable for heavier aluminum materials that are up to 2 1/2 inches (63. Studs & Equipment. With GTAW, DC- polarity results in more weld penetration. 3 Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) 22 2. This generates a clean, aesthetically appealing look. 4-40 CD Weld Stud, Flanged, Aluminum from $4. Delta Stud Weld understands every situation is unique, and off-the-shelf items aren’t always perfect for the job. SUNBELT FB aluminum studs, available in diameters from 1/4” to 1/2”, have equal weld baseStud welding, also known as drawn arc stud welding, is a fastener-to-base metal or substrate joining procedure that uses an electric arc. Cutlass manufactures two distinct stud welding methods: Capacitor Discharge (CD) or Drawn Arc (ARC). There are specialized foot pieces that distribute the shielding gas as well as hold the. The arc and molten metal are submerged in a blanket of granular fusible flux on the workpiece. com 32035 Creekside Drive, Cleveland, Ohio 44124 fax 216. 1. 2 Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) 20 2. Drawn Arc and Short-Cycle Welding Studs Drawn Arc Threaded and Unthreaded Studs are recommended for fastening applications where threads are needed for the full fastener. Capacitor Discharge (CD) Stud Welding is a semi-automatic arc welding process. A stud is loaded into a compatible CD. In stud welding, there are 2 main processes Capacitive Discharge (CD) and drawn arc stud welding. Max Fastening Torque (Inch/Lbs) Ultimate Tensile Load (Lbs) Max Shear Load (Lbs) Low-Carbon Copper Flashed Steel. 1 Base Metal Preparation 17 6. 26. The welding gun fires the stored electricity through the weld stud and melts the tip or projections into the base material. Designed to work on high-strength steels, as well as steels as thin as 8mm (5/16 in. 02 USD. 378. 2 Capacitor Discharge Stud Welding Equipment 17 5. 8. 92 USD. 10-32 CD Weld Stud, Flanged, Stainless Steel from $10. The arc then melts the workpiece and electrode into a molten pool to form a bond when cooled. This model is fitted with a plunge dampener, recommended for vertical and overhead stud welding and. Elk Grove Village, IL 60007. Not only do drawn arc studs function as fastening systems for sheet metal fabrication, construction equipment manufacturing, and structural steel manufacturing, they are also used to build large-scale infrastructure with composite building. Rent or purchase the right machine to help you with your fastening needs. An assessment of the material properties in specific weld zone regions is not requested under consideration of their limited areas or the general joint dimension although the. Threaded studs are available in M6, M8, M10, M12, and M16 diameters. Tucker Light Weight Steel stud delivers one weld flange design to cover. Arc studs are typically loaded with an aluminum flux ball on the weld end, which aids in the. The stud itself becomes part of the weld material. Stud welding is a general term used to describe joining a metal stud or similar part to a metal work-piece. A stud is loaded into a compatible CD. 0. AWS D10. Unthreaded studs are available in 6-20mm diameter with up to 100mm in length. SLOT WIDTH. 8-32 CD Weld Stud, Flanged, Aluminum from. Summary. d) Formule for combination of Itre~les for fillet weld. IWT M1 Micro Contact Gun $985. Proweld Arc Gun Shaft Extension $43. W. 3/8-16 Arc Stud, Reduced Base, Mild Steel with R Ferrules from $25. Our stud welding experts can see if we have it or find it for you. 06 seconds. It is a mechanized welding process Drawn Arc Stud Welding explained. 0359 in / 20 ga: 0. That’s why our facility specializes in quick-turnaround build-to-print stud welder services. 4M:2006 Prepared by the American Welding Society (AWS) A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials. 1 Arc Stud Welding Equipment 12 5. The process was mainly perfected for attaching wood decking over a metal surface. 330 stainless steel. Weld studs take less time to install than fasteners that require drilling, screwing, punching, or tapping. CD (capacitor discharge) weld studs require lower levels of heat and less time to weld than drawn arc weld studs, which makes them suitable for use on sheet metal and other thin materials that would be marred by the drawn arc welding process. Arc Welding. 00 USD. off basic 110V and is good for mild welding applications up to 3/8" diameter for mild and stainless steel and 1/4" for aluminum. Typical Use: Most applications requiring full strength in weld. This catalog is designed to be a user-friendly source of information about the Nelson Stud Welding line of studs, anchors, pins, and the standard accessories used to weld them. Accessories: For required accessories, please see each specification page or contact your CSW representative for assistance. Arc stud welding allows almost any size or type of weld stud to be welded. They have a head, so poured concrete embeds them solidly. But, arc stud welding is the most commonly used stud welding process. Arc stud welding joins the base (end) of the stud to the work-piece by heating the stud and the work with an arc drawn between the two. Test weld set-up at the start of each day and every half hour. manual metal arc, has been left to the discretion ofthe deslgner-c) The allowable stresles in welda have been increased to bring them in line with thOle for parent meta) given in IS: 800-1962-. 7. The stud is placed (with a hand tool called the Weld Gun) against the base metal, through the control of the stud welding equipment and the design of the stud; an arcSpecify. g drive train tunnel. (4. The CD process operates on the principle of capacitor stored energy which is. View item # 4084403, Flanged Aluminum Weld Stud, Thread Size 1/4-20, Length 1-1/2 inch, Flange 0. The ceramic ferrule is a decisive factor in drawn arc studwelding with ceramic ferrule. Aluminum can be welded using a capacitor discharge technique. 00 USD. Nelson ® offers three methods of stud welding: drawn arc welding, for structural stud welding using large diameters studs, ferrules, and an aluminum flux; capacitor discharge (CD) , for non-structural applications with a rapid attachment and an undisturbed backside finish; and short cycle, for semi-structural. Note that molten metal, when exposed to air (which contains 79 percent nitrogen, 20 percent oxygen and 1 percent other elements) will naturally absorb nitrogen and oxygen. Length Specifications: Lengths available from minimums shown in specifications. The Process. Page%|1". 601 Inconel. Midwest Fasteners SureShotII CD Stud Welder $3,215. 378. sales@studwelderaccessories. Proweld LD Arc Gun End Cap Nut $17. There are a wide range of spot weld stud and tab weld stud options, depending on the specific application. catalog including Standard Thread Arc Weld Studs,Full Thread Arc Weld Studs,Full Base Arc Weld Studs,Long Reduced Base Arc Weld Studs,Short Reduced Base Arc Weld Studs,No Thread Arc Weld Studs,Bent. 5. Typical Use: When minimum fillet dimensions are required at the weld base. 10 $86. 3/8"-16. Aluminium is a chemical element, which makes up about 8% of the Earth’s crust, making it the most abundant metal and the third most abundant element after oxygen and silicon. Typical Use: To provide a spacer between the parent metal and the. This build up of resistance results in an arc of high temperature, ranging be-tween 10,000 and 12,000° F. Beckham Chrysler LLC R. Drawn arc stud welding joins a stud and another piece of metal together by heating both parts with an arc. These studs are used in Drawn arc stud welding method. Weld studs are threaded fasteners that take less time to install than fasteners that require drilling, tapping, punching, or screwing. However, with CD welding small diameter fasteners (1/4″ and under) are end welded to extremely thin gauge parent metal. Arc stud welding is a process by which a metal fastener is welded to a parent metal through a fusion weld. 25 percent carbon equivalent) usually requires preheating to prevent cracking. Projection welding is an ideal method of fastening attachments e. Sunbelt aluminum SB (Shoulder Base) welding pins are plain, unthreaded fasteners with a weld base diameter greater than the extension diameter. CD Stud Standard Load Capacities. The two general types of stud welding are drawn arc stud welding and capacitor discharge (CD) stud welding. The CD process operates on the principle of capacitor stored energy which is. Stud welding uses direct current electricity to create an arc between a fastener or stud and the parent material. In addition, we recommend looking through DVS leaflet 0902 “Arc stud welding with drawn arc” and DGUV information 209-010 “Arc welding”, as well as standards EN ISO 14555 “Welding - Arc stud welding of metallic materials” and EN ISO 13918. Fastening systems and parts are always available to meet every specific need. Stud Design: Another key difference in aluminum welding is the stud design for drawn arc stud welding processes. 3543 inch; Metallic: Steel, Stainless Steel; Metric: M5How it works: The ceramic ferrule works to surround and contain the welding stud during the weld. This arc is the electrical current jumping across the gap between the electrode and the base metal. 00 USD. Nelson ® offers a full line of standard in-stock fasteners for quick shipment, as well as custom-designed fasteners to meet your specific needs. Thread: Standard UNC2A (Partial Thread also available) Ferrules: Includes required flat ceramic ferrules (insulators) (Other types of ferrules available on request) Flux: Solid Fluxed. The drawn arc stud welding process produces welds that provide a solid bond between a metal stud anchor and base metal—commonly a steel plate embedded in concrete or the top flange of a steel beam. Arc stud welding permits strong, one-sided welds on base metals with thicknesses starting at 0. Lynx4 Modular Stud Welding System for Aluminum $3,250. - Flux core arc welding on plate. Chucks, Ferrule Grips, Legs, Feet, Foot Plates and More. 00 USD. Arc stud welding is commonly used because it can used with sheet metal. Manufacturing Commercial and Industrial Insulation fasteners including Weld Pins, Insulation Hangers (Glue-applied or Self-Stick), Self-Locking Washers plus all related accessories. A Commentary on the code is also included with the document. Distributor of welding equipment including welding studs, arc welding studs & capacitor discharge (CD) welding studs. Types of Stud Welding Three major types of stud welding are equally as effective. 2 mm). Design 31 3. One of the most significant advantages of stud welding is its ease of use. Drawn arc stud welders connect to compatible drawn arc stud welding guns and supply current to weld studs held in the guns. Stud Size. For hot-dip galvanized steel, the same process can be performed, but the end results are somewhat different. None of the other processes require a ferrule. Collets, Collet Inserts, Collet Protectors, Legs, Feet, Magnetic Cup Head Chucks and More. CD (capacitor discharge) weld studs require lower levels of heat and less time to weld than drawn arc weld studs, which makes them suitable for use on sheet metal and other thin materials that would be marred by the drawn arc welding process. Insulation fasteners are available in many different grades of steel ranging from mild/carbon to stainless steel depending on the application. The welding gun fires the stored electricity through the weld stud and melts the tip or projections into the base material. Unthreaded studs are full base (Type UD) unless a smaller base is. Drawn arc studs come in different sizes, ranging from a #8 to 11⁄4″ in diameter. - Gas tungsten arc welding on pipe and plate of. ALUMINUM: C: S=304SS SS=316SS: A: Stud Welding expertise since 1980. 22006. Advisors to the A5 Committee on Filler Metal and Allied Material R. 10 : Heating practices for pipe and tube. One of the first large-scale applications of stud welding was on Henry Ford’s assembly lines. For applications where strength is not the primary requirement, the parent metal thickness may be reduced to a minimum of 1/5 the weld base diameter. Hey people, I really need help in joining a flux cored aluminum ball at the end of a simple stud. 847-228-1995 FAX. Length Specifications: Available in minimum weld base heights specified, with a maximum of 1-1/4" thread length. Typical Use: As a spacer between parent metal and part secured on extension. E. The arc stud welding processes using these power The time required to complete a weld varies with the sources are commonly known as arc stud welding and cross-sectional area of the stud. Both require a specially designed stud with a projection, or ignition tip, on its weld end. Add to Cart. 048″ (1. 5. The side at which the arrow is pointing at is called “ arrow side “. Unless stated otherwise, all threaded studs are reduced base (Type RD). 2. Small Split Bipod Nelson NS30/NS40 Foot $155. Nelson ® offers three methods of stud welding: drawn arc welding, for structural stud welding using large diameters studs, ferrules, and an aluminum flux; capacitor discharge (CD) , for non-structural applications with a rapid attachment and an undisturbed backside finish; and short cycle, for semi-structural applications with a rapid attachment and an undisturbed. A method for determination of hydrogen content in arc weld metal for linear welding processes such as manual metal arc welding, gas-shielded metal arc welding, and submerged arc welding is given in the standard ISO 3690 [4]. Drawn arc studs come in different sizes, ranging from a #8 to 11⁄4″ in diameter. 7 Stud Welding 27 2. INSULATION PINS. (19 mm) can be welded with this technique. 06 seconds. In the experimental part of the paper, the drawn arc stud welding process with the ceramic ferrule is applied with the different. insert the weld stud into the end of the chuck. Aluminum stud welding is performed with conventional stud welding equipment. With the Arc process, you obtain a full fusion weld that. Shielded Metal Arc Welding (Stick Welding) Developed in the 1950s, Shielded Metal Arc Welding, also known as Stick Welding, uses a flux-coated consumable electrode with an AC or DC power source to create an electric arc. ; Inside angle ferrule – Used when mounting the stud to the inside of a 90-degree angle, such as the insider corner of heavy angle iron. Primarily, spot welding is used with low-carbon steel, but it can be used to form brittle connections with high-carbon steel and aluminum alloys. A complete line of Weld Studs for all types of applications: Capacitor Discharge (CD), Arc and Drawn Arc. . AWS D8. 9 Mil 1918 10-49.